A port-a-cath, or implantable venous access device (IVAD), is implanted under the skin, usually in the upper chest but there are models which can be inserted into the arm. It has a small metal reservoir with a rubber diaphragm which is connected to a catheter which is then threaded into a large vein in the chest or arm.  The entire device is surgically implanted under the skin so there is no catheter that hangs out of the body. The device provides ready access to a vein for administering medications and fluids intravenously. It can also be used for drawing blood samples.

The device is accessed by inserting a special needle through the skin and into the rubber diaphragm of the reservoir. The medication or fluid is injected into the device and it flows through the catheter into the vein. 

These devices have made prophylaxis in hemophilia much easier for families because the problems of "finding a vein" for infusion two to three times a week are eliminated. However, there are risks involved with their use, the most worrisome being that of infection. Studies differ but some show an infection rate as high as 50 percent. These infections can usually be treated with intravenous antibiotics but sometimes the device must be removed. Also, there are other studies that show a risk of clots forming at the tip of the catheter. Still, many families have chosen to use the device in spite of the risk because of the benefits.  Like any other procedure, one must weigh the risks and benefits.

The life expectancy of someone with hemophilia varies depending on whether they receive proper treatment. Without adequate treatment, many people with hemophilia die before they reach adulthood. 

However, with proper treatment, life expectancy for people with hemophilia is about 10 years less than that of males without hemophilia, and children can look forward to a normal life expectancy.